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| Purnimanta -Krishna Ekadashi upto 04:28:40 AM, Vikram Samvat -2082 |
| Amanta -Krishna Ekadashi upto 04:28:40 AM, Shaka Samvat -1947 |
The word ‘Tithi’ comes from the Sanskrit word, which means a lunar day. Tithi is calculated based on the angular distance between the Sun and the Moon. Each time the Moon moves 12 degrees away from the Sun, a new tithi begins.
Each month in a Hindu lunar calendar is divided into two equal parts called Pakshas. There are 30 tithis: 15 for the Shukla Paksha and 15 for the Krishna Paksha. Let us understand these two lunar phases in detail.
In Hindu astrology and lunar calendar, the concept of Tithi (lunar days) is considered significant for many reasons. Let’s understand the significance of Tithi in detail:
Hindu festivals, such as Ekadashi, Amavasya, Purnima, Akshaya Tritiya, and Navami, are based entirely on Tithi. People do not follow the typical Gregorian calendar to track the important Hindu festivals and fasts. Instead, they track the Vikram Samvat today date.
Tithi is one of the important factors to determine the shubh muhurata for auspicious events such as housewarming, marriage, mundan ritual or baby’s naamkaran ceremony. For example, before starting any auspicious activity, people often wonder, ‘Today is which Tithi?’ to ensure the activity is done properly at the right time or during a shubh muhurta.
Tithi is one of the five important elements of the Hindu Panchang along with Nakshatra, Yoga, Karana and Vara. Astrologers make use of this element to predict the potential favourable and unfavourable outcomes. So, without tithi, it would be impossible to read daily online panchang or daily astrology predictions.
Lastly, tithis are associated with certain energies, both bad and good. Knowing the nature of the specific Tithi before starting a new task helps avoid unfavourable outcomes, challenges, and enhances the chances of success and informed decision-making.
Several age-old texts such as ‘Mahabharata’, ‘Bhagavata Purana’ and ‘Vishnu Purana’ mention the basic five types of tithis used in Panchang for calculating today is which tithi. Let us take a look at all of them in detail below:
Nanda tithis (Pratipada, Shashti, Ekadashi) are associated with the Agni (fire) element. It is derived from the Sanskrit word Nanda, which means ‘the giver of joy or happiness’. These tithis in Panchang are ideal for starting construction-related works.
Bhadra Tithis (Dwitiya, Saptami, Dwadashi) fall under the Prithvi (Earth) element. These tithis are best suited for health-related tasks, purchasing vehicles, cattle, or even food grains. Whatever items brought on this tithi are believed to bring abundance and prosperity.
Tritiya, Ashtami and Triyodashi tithis are known as Jaya Tithis. Derived from the word ‘Jaya,’ meaning victory, these types of tithis are considered beneficial for dealing with court cases, making military-related decisions, or purchasing weapons. It is believed that all these activities promise victory over evil.
Rikta means ‘empty’ and is considered unfavourable because of the association with Lord Yama. Rikta tihis are: Chaturthi, Navami and Chaturthi.
Panchami, Dashami, and Purnima together comprise Poorna tithis and are associated with the Water element. These types of tithi in panchang are ideal dates to conduct auspicious events such as weddings, mundan, engagements, etc.
Note: Apart from the above-mentioned Vikram Samvat today tithis, the rest are considered ‘Shunya Tithis’. Astrologers suggest avoiding auspicious events, such as weddings or celebrations, on specific dates during certain months. Some of the Shunya tithis are: Chaitra (Krishna Ashtami), Ashadha (Krishna Shashti), Magha Shukla Triyrita, etc.
Below is the list of all tithis (for Shukla and Krishna Paksha), along with their significance and nature.
The first and foremost way to calculate tithi is to find the distance between the angular positions of the Sun and the Moon. Let us take a look at the simple steps to calculate the today tithi details manually:
